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A 28-GHz CMOS Power Amplifier With Adaptive Bias and Phase Compensation for Gain and Phase Linearity Enhancement
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DOI：10.1109/TCSII.2025.3581383.png)
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Abstract
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This brief presents a 28-GHz PA fabricated in the TSMC 90-nm CMOS process for 5G wireless communication phased-array transmitters. The proposed PA incorporates adaptive bias and phase compensation techniques to effectively mitigate AM-AM and AM-PM distortions, achieving high linearity and efficiency. The design features an envelope detector for dynamic bias adjustment, enhancing transconductance to reduce AM-AM distortion. Furthermore, a varactor-based phase correction mechanism is implemented to minimize AM-PM distortion. This brief improves both gain and phase control networks, resulting in significant improvements in key performance metrics, including <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$OP_{1dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$PAE_{P1dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and maximum phase distortion before <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{1dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The proposed PA achieves an <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$OP_{1dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 14.4 dBm, a <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$PAE_{P1dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 33.6%, and a maximum AM-PM distortion of 1.5°, demonstrating exceptional performance and scalability for phased-array applications in next-generation millimeter-wave systems.
Keywords:
CMOS integrated circuits
millimeter-wave circuit
phased-array
power amplifier
5G
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