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A Bibliometric Analysis of Content and Language Integrated Learning: Trends, Key Authors, and Research Evolution Nearly 31 Years
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DOI：10.1177/21582440261464698.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study investigates the development of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) research through a large-scale bibliometric analysis spanning nearly three decades (1994-2022). Although CLIL has achieved widespread adoption in educational systems, previous reviews are fragmented by timeframe, educational level, or pedagogical focus, which restricts a systematic understanding of the field's evolution across diverse contexts. To address this limitation, the study reviewed 842 peer-reviewed journal articles indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) using keyword co-occurrence, reference co-citation, and bibliographic coupling techniques. The findings demonstrate a distinct developmental trajectory in CLIL research, evolving from early theoretical foundations to a mature and increasingly diversified field. The analysis identifies three interrelated thematic dimensions structuring CLIL scholarship: language-content integration, teacher training and pedagogical mediation, and technological as well as translanguaging-oriented initiatives. The results further indicate a strong European dominance during the initial stages, followed by the gradual expansion of CLIL research into regions such as Asia and other non-European educational contexts, accompanied by a shift toward digital and more inclusive pedagogies. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of CLIL research across educational contexts by integrating analyses of temporal, thematic, and intellectual structures. The findings contribute to a clearer conceptualization of CLIL as an evolving pedagogical paradigm and offer guidance for future research, teacher education, and policy development in bilingual and multilingual education.
Keywords:
bibliometric analysis
bilingual and multilingual education
content and language integrated learning
CLIL
teacher training and pedagogical mediation
technological and translanguaging-oriented initiatives
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2
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1.2K
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1.4W
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