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A Multi-Stack Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Model Considering Electrolyte Transfer Delay
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DOI：10.1109/iSPEC54162.2022.10033033.png)
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A multi-stack vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) system consists of series- or parallel-connected multiple power stacks. Each stack is connected to the tank through a common hydraulic system. Due to the slow mass transfer process between the tank and the stacks, there is a time delay in delivering the electrolyte. This phenomenon can result in inconsistent voltages across the stacks during the charging and discharging processes, affecting the battery's overall efficiency. In this paper, a multi-stack VRB model considering this electrolyte transfer delay is established by incorporating the time-varying reactant concentration, which is used to analyze the effect of electrolyte transfer delay on the voltage of the stacks. Then, a simulation model of a multi-stack VRB system consisting of six single-stack batteries connected in series is developed using MATLAB. The simulation results show that the electrolyte transfer delay can lead to uneven concentration distribution along the pipes, resulting in poor voltage uniformity amongst stacks. The model can be used in studies to improve the design of multi-stack VRB systems so that the overall efficiency can increase.
Keyword:
Vanadium redox flow battery
electrolyte transfer delay
multi-stack
concentration distribution
flow rate
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