Accelerated Algorithm for Back-Projection Fully Focused SAR Altimetry

Sergi Hernández

doi:10.1109/TGRS.2025.3556544

Accelerated Algorithm for Back-Projection Fully Focused SAR Altimetry

2025-01-01

0

OA

AI

Adrián Flores de la Cruz

M

Marco Fornari

DOI：10.1109/TGRS.2025.3556544

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Fully focused (FF) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) back-projection algorithms for radar altimetry have gained attention in the altimetry community due to their improved azimuth resolution compared to traditional methods, such as the delay/Doppler algorithm. However, the significant computational cost of back-projection has limited its use in operational applications. This article presents an accelerated back-projection algorithm that reduces the runtime of the classic back-projection by a factor of 28 on a CPU-based architecture. When implemented on a GPU-based architecture, the accelerated back-projection achieves a speedup ranging from 8 to 13 times compared to the classic back-projection on the same GPU. In comparison to the classic back-projection running on a CPU, the combination of the accelerated back-projection and GPU processing results in an overall improvement of up to 1570 times. The accelerated algorithm maintains the accuracy of classic time-domain algorithms and allows for the processing of data in the order of the sensing time under a GPU-based architecture. The algorithm has been extensively validated using transponder and open ocean data. These results indicate that operational back-projection algorithms are feasible for current radar altimetry missions, such as Sentinel-6, and upcoming missions like CRISTAL and Sentinel-3 Next Generation.

Keyword:

Azimuth

Synthetic aperture radar

Focusing

Approximation algorithms

Altimetry

Surface waves

Transponders

Sea surface

Spaceborne radar

Lighting

Accelerated algorithm

accelerated back-projection

back-projection

delay/Doppler

fully focused (FF)

fully focused synthetic aperture radar (FF-SAR)

GPU acceleration

high-resolution radar altimetry

omega-K

open ocean

radar altimetry

real time altimetry

synthetic aperture radar (SAR)

transponder

Accelerated Algorithm for Back-Projection Fully Focused SAR Altimetry

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