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Advancing in vitro vascular wall modelling using digital light processing to study hyperglycemia-driven cell changes
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DOI：10.3389/fbioe.2026.1677364.png)
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BackgroundMetabolic syndrome is a pathological state; frequently associated with type 2 diabetes; which is marked by abdominal obesity; impaired insulin action; hypertension; and vascular wall changes. Similar to humans; horses can suffer from equine metabolic syndrome. A representative in vitro vascular wall model is needed to study its pathophysiology and develop novel treatments for both human and equine patients.MethodsIn this study; scaffolds manufactured via digital light processing (DLP) exploiting an acrylate-endcapped urethane-based polymer precursor with a polyethylene glycol backbone (AUP2PEG) were coated with collagen or gelatin derivatives. Their cell-interactive properties were evaluated using equine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and endothelial cells (EC). Coating was performed using either UV-induced photopolymerization of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) on the surface of the DLP-printed scaffold or physisorption of type I atelocollagen.ResultsThe GelMA coating formed a thin; uniform layer on the scaffold surface and improved the cytocompatibility of DLP-printed AUP2PEG-based scaffolds for EC and MSC. Furthermore; they permitted MSC trilineage differentiation. To mimic the endothelial damage occurring in metabolic syndrome conditions; the GelMA-coated AUP2PEG scaffolds were incubated in high glucose culture conditions. Short-term cell culture in these conditions significantly reduced the number of viable EC. In contrast; the short-term culture of MSC in these conditions did not result in a similarly deleterious impact on cell viability.ConclusionIn conclusion; GelMA-coated DLP-printed AUP2PEG scaffolds facilitate the growth of EC and MSC. Furthermore; exposing EC cultured on the developed scaffolds to hyperglycemic culture conditions negatively affects the viability of EC; comparable to what is observed in two-dimensional culture conditions.
Keyword:
hyperglycemia
gelatin methacryloyl
acrylate-endcapped urethane-based polyethylene glycol
digital light processing
vascular wall model
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4.8
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2.1K
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