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An Integrated Discrete-Time Delay-Compensating Technique for Large-Array Beamformers
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DOI：10.1109/TCSI.2019.2926309.png)
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摘要
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This paper implements a wide aperture high-resolution true time delay for frequency-uniform beamforming gain in large-scale phased arrays. We propose a baseband discrete-time delay-compensating technique to augment the conventional phase-shift-based analog or hybrid beamformers. A generalized design methodology is first developed to compare delay-compensating analog or hybrid beamforming architecture with their digital counterpart for a given number of antenna elements, modulation bandwidth, ADC dynamic range, and delay resolution. This paper shows that delay-compensating analog or hybrid beamformers are more energy-efficient for high dynamic-range applications compared to true-time-delay digital beamformers. To demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed technique, a four-element analog delay-compensating baseband beamformer in 65-nm CMOS is prototyped. A time-interleaved switched-capacitor array implements the discrete-time delaycompensating beamformer with a wide delay range of 15-ns and 5-ps resolution. Measured power consumption is 47 mW with frequency-uniform array gain over 100-MHz modulated bandwidth, independent of angle of arrival. The proposed delay compensation scheme is scalable to accommodate the delay differences for large antenna arrays with higher range/resolution ENOB compared with prior art.
Keyword:
Multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO)
beam squinting
5G
time-interleaving
true-time delay
modulated
bandwidth
large scale arrays
discrete-time analog processor
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