Approximate circuit for Modulo-3 residue generation and its application in self-checking architectures

Sahana A.R.

doi:10.1016/j.compeleceng.2026.111265

Approximate circuit for Modulo-3 residue generation and its application in self-checking architectures

2026-06-16

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AI

S

Sahana A.R.

G

Gautham Suresh

C

Chiraag V.

T

Thejaswini P. *

S

Sukumar Nandi

DOI：10.1016/j.compeleceng.2026.111265

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• Explored gate-level approximation for low-complexity hardware-based residue generation. • Proposed a 4-bit ARG preserving functionality of standard Modulo-3 residue generator. • Extended ARG to an N -bit framework and integrated into self-checking architectures. • Proposed a self-checking N -bit MAC architecture using the ARG. • Achieved 31% lower area, 58% lower energy, and 1.61× higher speed.

Approximate circuit for Modulo-3 residue generation and its application in self-checking architectures

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