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Artificial intelligence/machine learning estimation of FAO and ASCE standardized reference ET erodes the physical basis and intended purpose of ET standardization

delete2026-07-22
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OA
AI
M
Meetpal S. Kukal *
R
Richard G. Allen
A
Ayşe Kiliç
P
Philip Blankenau
K
Kendall C. DeJonge
K
Kelly R. Thorp
J
Justin Huntington
L
L. S. Pereira
R
R. López-Urrea
P
Paula Paredes
C
Clarence Robison
DOI:10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110657delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
• ETref is a defined physical calculation, not an observable flux to be used as a learnable target. • Use of AI/ML to estimate ETref undermines standardization, transferability, and error attribution. • Reduced-input AI/ML weakens the case for maintaining quality weather networks. • AI/ML adds value in ET science when supporting, not replacing, the ETref equation.
Keywords:
Reference evapotranspiration
Artifical intelligence
Machine learning
FAO56
Agroclimate
Evaporative demand
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Agricultural Water Management cover
Agricultural Water Management
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university of lisbon
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desert research institute
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