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Assessment of heavy metal contamination and associated human health risks in common vegetables marketed in Timergara, Dir. Lower
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DOI：10.1016/j.microc.2026.119329.png)
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Abstract
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• Researchers examined the levels of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) in commonly consumed vegetables from Timergara. • Cadmium was undetectable, while nickel and lead surpassed allowable limits (FAO/WHO) in several vegetables. • Principal component analysis revealed that contamination sources were both geogenic (Fe, Mn, Zn) and anthropogenic (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb). • Cluster analysis grouped vegetables according to their metal accumulation patterns. • The assessment of daily intake indicated that chromium, nickel, and lead exceeded safe levels, whereas other metals remained within acceptable limits.
Keywords:
Heavy metals
Vegetable contamination
Human health risk assessment
Carcinogenic risk
Timergara Dir. Lower
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5.1
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1.8W
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3.7W
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