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Associations of prenatal exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and organophosphorus pesticides with cardiac structure in 4-year-old children: Evidence from the Shanghai Birth Cohort
M
X
王
B
X
B
Z
T
K
S
J
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128909.png)
Abstract
En 中文
• Prenatal exposure to organophosphate compounds affects heart structure at age 4. • Higher maternal exposure is linked to smaller left ventricular volume and mass. • Mixed exposure shows inverted J-shape effects on cardiac development. • Flame retardants contribute more strongly than pesticides to cardiac changes. • Stronger associations were observed among girls in exploratory analyses.
Keywords:
Organophosphate flame retardants
Organophosphorus pesticides
Cardiac structure
Endocrine disrupters
Birth cohort study
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