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Backscatter Ex-Nihilo: Single-component, Fully-passive Backscattering for Microcontrollers
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DOI：10.1109/rfid49298.2020.9244908.png)
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This paper investigates the harvesting of RF power using the existing electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuits of most ICs. Because of the internal diode configuration, a single off-chip capacitor is enough to create a charge pump circuit for rectifying and storing sufficient DC power to passively operate a microcontroller. This paper explores ESD circuitry and shows the feasibility of ESD-based power harvesting. A proof-of-concept device demonstrates a fully-passive backscatter link created using a MSP430. Backscatter communication is achieved through modulation of the internal configuration of a General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) pin on a microcontroller. This type of circuit enables two types of communication: zombie-links in which data is able to be transferred after a device has had its battery removed, as well as a mechanism for hidden identification or verification data, such as chip dielets.
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