Certified randomness using a trapped-ion quantum processor

doi:10.1038/s41586-025-08737-1

2025-03-26

Cervero-Martin, Enrique

Chakrabarti, Shouvanik

DOI：10.1038/s41586-025-08737-1

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摘要

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尽管量子计算机能够执行许多超越经典计算机能力的实际重要任务¹,²，但实现这一潜力仍是一个挑战。例如，使用不可信的远程设备生成可认证包含特定熵量的随机比特³。可认证的随机性具有许多应用，但仅通过经典计算无法实现。本文我们演示了使用通过互联网访问的56比特Quantinuum H2-1囚禁离子量子计算机生成可认证随机比特。我们的协议利用了近期随机电路采样演示中的经典计算难题⁴,⁵：客户端使用少量随机种子生成量子“挑战”电路，将其发送给不可信的量子服务器执行，并验证服务器的结果。我们分析了针对一类受限的近期现实对手的协议安全性。通过使用经典验证，在多台超级计算机上实现了1.1×10¹⁸次每秒的浮点运算综合持续性能，在受限对手及其他假设条件下，我们认证了71,313比特的熵。我们的结果表明了当前量子计算机在实践应用方面的一大步。

Keyword:

SUPREMACY

期刊

Nature

IF:

48.5

论文数:

1.8W

被引数:

96.5W

机构

暂无机构信息

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