Chronic Spasticity Care

doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2026.01.008

2026-05-01

PRE

Alessio Baricich *

Battaglia, Marco

DOI：10.1016/j.pmr.2026.01.008

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本文重新定义痉挛为一种动态的、慢性的神经病变状态，需要长期、个体化和多学科管理。痉挛在卒中、多发性硬化症、脑瘫和脊髓损伤中常见，它会导致残疾、功能受限和生活质量下降。随着时间的推移，痉挛从纯粹的神经性表现演变为混合的神经-肌肉表现，导致不可逆的形态结构变化，如肌肉萎缩、纤维化和关节挛缩。这些变化需要采取包括药物和康复干预在内的主动护理策略。A型肉毒毒素是基础治疗，在目标导向和循环给药方式下可提供功能和症状上的益处。然而，其效果仅在多模式康复框架内才能最大化。综合疗法（如拉伸、强化、任务特异性训练、矫形器、神经肌肉刺激和机器人技术）能增强神经可塑性并减轻机械限制。现代护理还采用数字健康、生物标志物监测和新兴技术来个性化干预并支持长期功能维持。本文强调需要从间歇性护理转向连续性护理的转变，使痉挛管理符合慢性疾病的管理模式。

Keyword:

Chronic spasticity

Botulinum toxin type A

Chronic neurorehabilitation

Spasticity long-term care

Goal attainment scaling

期刊

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America

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2.6K

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Humanitas University

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6.6K

论文数: 4.4K

被引数: 9.4K

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