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Ciprofloxacin utilization and reversible nanoscale morphological transition in Klebsiella sp. SG01
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DOI：10.1016/j.procbio.2026.03.009.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The global challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance and the environmental persistence of fluoroquinolones are significant. We report that Klebsiella sp. SG01, a multidrug-resistant strain isolated from hospital wastewater, degrades ciprofloxacin (CIP) and utilizes it as its sole carbon source. SG01 eliminated over 50% of CIP (2 g L-1) within 48 h, demonstrating degradation efficiency at the higher end of reported concentrations, with kinetics comparable to or faster than previously described systems. UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the degradation, and the resulting metabolites exhibited reduced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli K12. When cultivated on CIP, SG01 transitioned into a culturable nanometric cell form (<0.22 mu m), enabling it to pass through 0.22-& micro;m filters and showing a shorter generation time compared to growth on glucose or rich media. Targeted metabolomics and comprehensive genome transcriptomics revealed activation of lipid catabolism, glycerolutilization pathways, and oxidative stress responses, while central carbon metabolism was downregulated. Collectively, these findings indicate reversible, stress-induced morphological and metabolic adaptations that enable SG01 to survive and utilize ciprofloxacin.
Keywords:
Ciprofloxacin degradation
Nanoscale cells
Metabolomics
Transcriptomics
Bioremediation
Xenobiotic stress
Klebsiella sp. SG01
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