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Clinical characterization in a population of latin-American older adults using the frontotemporal dementia assessment scale: an observational study
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DOI：10.1186/s12877-026-08009-1.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Aging is associated with gradual changes in cognitive, functional, and behavioral domains that may affect everyday functioning in older adults. In Latin America, these these functional and behavioral variations are frequently underrecognized in community settings due to limited access to standardized assessment tools. The Frontotemporal Dementia Rating Scale (FTD-FRS), validated in Spanish, allows allows the assessment of functional and behavioral changes related to daily activities and executive functioning beyond clinically diagnosed dementia. This study aimed to examine the presence and distribution of these changes in adults over 65 years participating in healthy aging programs in Bogotá, Colombia. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 80 adults aged 65 years or older who participated in community programs for healthy aging in Bogotá, Colombia. Individuals with a current diagnosis of cognitive impairment, dementia, or psychiatric disorders were excluded, and after providing written informed consent, the FTD-FRS, The FTD-FRS, consisting of 30 items that classify participants into six preservation categories, was administered. A descriptive analysis of the results was performed, while the associations between FTD-FRS preservation scores and sociodemographic variables were explored using JASP version 0.95.4. Most participants showed variability in functional performance according to the FTD-FRS, with only 28.75% classified as normal/very mild, while the mild preservation category was the most prevalent in the population (41.25%). The domains “self-care and mobility” and “food preparation and consumption” were preserved in 93.1% and 89.5% of the population, respectively, while ‘behavior’ and ‘medication management’ showed the lowest preservation scores (75.5% each). Additionally, a trend toward lower FTD-FRS preservation scores was observed in participants with lower educational and socioeconomic levels, although without statistically significant differences. The application of the FTD-FRS in a population of community-dwelling older adults considered healthy and functionally independent demonstrated variability in functional performance across several domains of everyday functioning. Within the context of this exploratory study, the FTD-FRS proved to be a useful and accessible instrument for the descriptive characterization of functional performance. Future studies incorporating complementary cognitive, neuropsychological, and longitudinal assessments are needed to further evaluate its application in community settings.
Keywords:
Aging
Cognitive Dysfunction
Frontotemporal Dementia
Cognition
Self-Care
Dementia
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