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Coupled modeling of one-dimensional large-strain consolidation, heat transfer, and solute transport in saturated soils
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DOI：10.1007/s11440-026-03173-5.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study develops a fully coupled numerical model for one-dimensional large-strain consolidation, heat transfer, and solute transport in saturated soils. Governing equations are derived within a Lagrangian material coordinate system, which naturally accommodates large deformation and tracks the deformation history of soil particles. These equations are solved using the finite difference method. The model incorporates nonlinear, temperature-dependent soil compressibility and hydraulic conductivity, thermal expansion of all phases (soil skeleton, solids, and pore fluid), temperature-dependent pre-consolidation pressure, and thermal effects on the diffusion and distribution coefficients. Validation against experimental data, analytical solutions, and COMSOL Multiphysics simulations is performed. Using the validated model, this study quantifies the errors induced by decoupling either consolidation or heat transfer in the transport of trichloroethylene (TCE) through a compacted clay liner (CCL). The results show that heat transfer accelerates pore pressure dissipation and enhances the intrinsic compressibility of the CCL, leading to increased consolidation settlement. Omitting heat transfer initially underestimates TCE mass outflow by a factor of 749, but ultimately overestimates it by a factor of 5. Similarly, neglecting consolidation initially results in a 73-fold underestimation of TCE outflow, which shifts to a 13-fold overestimation in the long-term post-consolidation stage. These findings demonstrate that decoupling consolidation or heat transfer can produce substantial, directionally opposite errors over time, highlighting the necessity of fully coupled analyses for contaminant transport in saturated soils.
Keywords:
Compacted clay liner
Coupled modeling
Heat transfer
Large-strain consolidation
Numerical simulation
Solute transport
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