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Decoding immunotherapy response through computational modeling

delete2026-04-15
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OA
AI
B
Bingrui Li
R
Ruihan Luo
K
Kexin Huang
J
Jiajia Liu
W
Weiling Zhao
X
Xiaobo Zhou *
DOI:10.1038/s41467-026-71364-5delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Immunotherapy has seen success in treating patients with cancer, but variable responses underscore the need for effective patient stratification and therapy planning. Computational tools integrating multi-omics, imaging and machine learning have advanced, yet reliable personalized predictions remain challenging. This review analyzes the field through four converging paradigms: classical machine learning, deep learning, graph and network modeling, and mechanistic systems biology. We examine the evolution from correlational features to representation learning, relational inference, and causal simulation of tumor-immune dynamics, highlighting the shift towards multi-modal fusion and interpretable, clinically deployable models. By providing an integrated review of these computational tools, we hope to bring the community closer to achieving precision immuno-oncology for personalized cancer treatments. Multiomics data has revolutionized immuno-oncology studies by facilitating both populational and personalized facets of treatment planning. Here the authors review current computational tools, stratified into four ‘paradigms’, for analyzing multiomics data and facilitating optimization of cancer therapy.
Keywords:
Computational biology and bioinformatics
Immunotherapy
Systems analysis
Tumour immunology
Science
Humanities and Social Sciences
multidisciplinary
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Journal

Nature Communications cover
Nature Communications
IF:
15.7
Papers:
9.2W
Citations:
91.2W

Organization

U
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Scholars:
980
Papers: 359
Citations: 1
U
university of texas
Scholars:
1.2K
Papers: 565
Citations: 0