Development of a novel scarabaeid-specific Bacillus thuringiensis biopesticide using cost-effective sugar and agro-industrial byproducts, and its efficacy against the white grub Holotrichia serrata F.

2026-05-11

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P. Mahesh *

B. Singaravelu

J. Srikanth

K. Hari

C. Appunu

G.S. Suresha

C. Sankaranarayanan

T. Arumuganathan

D. Puthira Prathap

P. Govindaraj

R. Nirmala

M. Rajesh Kumar

B. Iswarya

V. Jayasri

DOI：10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109496

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• A Bacillus thuringiensis isolate (Bt-62) harbouring the novel coleopteran-specific toxin (Cry8Sa1) was produced on sugar-industry and agro-industry by-products. • In pilot-scale fermentor studies, jaggery and wheat bran produced the highest CFU ml−1 of Bt-62 whereas neem cake and cotton cake produced the lowest. • While yeast and CaCl2 supplements at 0.25% enhanced bacterial production, dimethyl sulfoxide 0.5% and PEG 0.5% used as cell protectants ensured a shelf-life of two years. • Jaggery and wheat bran media were economically superior in view of 3 to 4-fold higher bacterial output and 35-fold lower cost than commercial T3 medium. • Bt-62 formulation at 1.0 × 108 CFU ml−1 produced significant mortality in white grub Holotrichia serrrata in bioassays and at the dosage equivalent of 1.0 × 1014 CFU ha−1 reduced grub numbers significantly in field trials.

Keywords:

Bacillus thuringiensis

biopesticide

agro-industrial byproducts

Cry8Sa1 toxin

Holotrichia serrata

Development of a novel scarabaeid-specific Bacillus thuringiensis biopesticide using cost-effective sugar and agro-industrial byproducts, and its efficacy against the white grub Holotrichia serrata F.

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