Do cosmic rays heat the early intergalactic medium?

doi:10.1093/mnras/stx805

2017-04-01

DOI：10.1093/mnras/stx805

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Cosmic rays (CRs) govern the energetics of present-day galaxies and might have also played a pivotal role during the Epoch of Reionization. In particular, energy deposition by low-energy (E less than or similar to 10 MeV) CRs, accelerated by the first supernovae, might have heated and ionized the neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) well before (z approximate to 20) it was reionized, significantly adding to the similar effect by X-rays or dark matter annihilations. Using a simple, but physically motivated reionization model, and a thorough implementation of CR energy losses, we show that CRs contribute negligibly to IGM ionization, but heat it substantially, raising its temperature by Delta T = 10-200 K by z = 10, depending on the CR injection spectrum. Whether this IGM pre-heating is uniform or clustered around the first galaxies depends on CR diffusion, which, in turn, is governed by the efficiency of self-confinement due to plasma streaming instabilities that we discuss in detail. This aspect is crucial to interpret future HI 21-cm observations, which can be used to gain unique information on the strength and structure of early intergalactic magnetic fields, and the efficiency of CR acceleration by the first supernovae.

Keyword:

cosmic rays

intergalactic medium

dark ages, reionization, first stars

期刊

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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4.8

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7.1W

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25.0W

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university of hamburg

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3.7W

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scuola normale superiore di pisa

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Max Planck Society

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gran sasso science institute (gssi)

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