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Efficacy of Ocimum tenuiflorum (syn. Ocimum sanctum) as an adjunct in the management of gingivitis and periodontitis: a systematic review
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DOI：10.1016/j.hermed.2026.101094.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Background: Herbal adjuncts such as Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi) have gained attention in periodontal therapy due to their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, supporting their use in conjunction with conventional mechanical debridement. Aim: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Ocimum tenuiflorum as an adjunct in the management of gingivitis and periodontitis. Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases and manual sources was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving Ocimum tenuiflorum in mouthrinse, gel, dentifrice, or local drug delivery formulations were included. Data on clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level, as well as microbiological and biochemical markers, were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed using the RoB 2.0 tool. Results: Thirteen RCTs involving varied formulations of Ocimum tenuiflorum (mouthwash, gel, dentifrice, nanofiber, and intrapocket delivery) were analysed. Across studies, Ocimum tenuiflorum demonstrated significant improvements in clinical parameters, often comparable to chlorhexidine and superior to placebo. Some studies also reported reductions in inflammatory markers and microbial load. Heterogeneity in study design, sample size, dosage, and follow-up duration was noted. Conclusion: Within the limitations of existing evidence, Ocimum tenuiflorum appears to be an effective adjunctive agent in the management of gingivitis and periodontitis. However, further well-designed, multicentric RCTs with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up are required to establish standardised clinical protocols.
Keywords:
Ocimum sanctum
Ocimum tenuiflorum
Tulsi
Gingivitis
Periodontitis
Herbal adjunct
Journal
J
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1.9
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45
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0
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