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Emerging Concepts on Inhibitors of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in Rheumatic Diseases
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DOI：10.2174/092986712803833353.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) finely regulates both innate and adaptive immune responses through the degradation of the essential amino acid tryptophan into kynurenine and other downstream metabolites, which suppress effector T-cell function and promote the differentiation of regulatory T cells. A novel role for IDO1 as a signaling molecule and a modifier of innate inflammatory responses is now emerging. In particular, IDO1 can either support or antagonize inflammation in a context-and tissue-dependent manner. Studies in experimental arthritis have unravelled a previously unappreciated role for IDO in controlling B-cell activation and autoantibody production. IDO dysregulation has been documented in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and Sjogren's syndrome, as well as in severe sepsis and chronic kidney disease. This article summarizes the contribution of IDO to the pathophysiology of inflammatory/autoimmune disorders, and discusses whether strategies to restore metabolic equilibrium in the kynurenine pathway might be pursued in diseases states such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis.
Keywords:
Autoimmunity
dendritic cell
indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
interferon-gamma
rheumatoid arthritis
systemic sclerosis
systemic lupus erythematosus
immune tolerance
regulatory T cell
hematopoietic growth factors
cancer
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