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Engineering nanostructured materials using polyphenol-functionalized polymers
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DOI：10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2026.102155.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The assembly of nanostructured materials with tunable properties is of growing interest across fundamental research and industrial applications. Polyphenol-functionalized polymers, which integrate phenolic moieties within polymer backbones, have emerged as versatile building blocks for engineering nanostructured materials with controlled size, morphology, composition, and functionality. Owing to the chemistry of polyphenols, polyphenol-functionalized polymers enable diverse assembly pathways through covalent and noncovalent interactions with metal ions, small molecules, macromolecules, and nano/microstructures, allowing fine control over the physicochemical properties of the resulting materials. In this review, we provide an overview of polyphenol-functionalized polymers, beginning with key synthetic strategies, including ring-opening polymerization, radical polymerization, controlled/living radical polymerization, and post-modification of preformed polymers. We then discuss the assembly behaviors of these polymers, driven by synergistic interactions between the polyphenol groups and polymer chains, highlighting metal coordination, molecular complexation, and integration with nano/microstructures. These interactions result in assembled materials with tunable physicochemical properties, including surface charge, hydrophobicity–hydrophilicity balance, biocompatibility, stealth and targeting, stimuli-responsiveness, and bioactivity. Finally, we highlight emerging applications of polyphenol-functionalized polymers in multifunctional interfaces, responsive and adaptive materials, energy and electronic devices, and biomedicine. Overall, this review provides a concise and up-to-date overview of the synthesis, self-assembly mechanisms, and physicochemical tunability of polyphenol-functionalized polymers, and their wide application.
Keywords:
Covalent/noncovalent interactions
Assembly
Physicochemical properties
Nanostructured materials
Bio–nano interactions
Stimuli-responsiveness
Biomedical applications
3D
,
three-dimensional
ADT
,
alkanedithiol
AEMA
,
aminoethylmethacrylamide
AgNP
,
silver nanoparticle
AROP
,
anionic ring-opening polymerization
ATRP
,
atom transfer radical polymerization
AuNP
,
gold nanoparticle
BA
,
n‑butyl acrylate
BCMT
,
bis-(carboxymethyl)trithiocarbonate
CAF
,
caffeamide
CAG
,
catechol-acetonide glycidyl ether
CNT
,
carbon nanotube
CROP
,
cationic ring-opening polymerization
CS–C
,
cross-linked catechol–chitosan
CTA
,
chain transfer agent
DA
,
dopamine acrylamide
DBC
,
DNA block copolymer
DHCA
,
dihydrocaffeic acid
DHCAF
,
2-methacryloylethyl dihydrocaffeate
DMA
,
dopamine methacrylamide
DMSO
,
dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA
,
deoxyribonucleic acid
DOMA
,
N-(3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl)methacrylamide
DOPA
,
3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine
DOX
,
doxorubicin
E. coli
,
Escherichia coli
EDC
,
N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide
HA
,
hyaluronic acid
HAGA
,
gallic acid-functionalized hyaluronic acid
HAMA
,
hyaluronic acid methacrylate
HRP
,
horseradish peroxidase
iBoc
,
isobutyl carbonate
IONC
,
iron oxide nanocube
MA
,
methyl acrylate
MD
,
molecular dynamics
MMA
,
methyl methacrylate
MOF
,
metal–organic framework
MPN
,
metal–phenolic network
MPP5cone
,
catechol-functionalized calix[4]resorcinarenes
NaOH
,
sodium hydroxide
NCA
,
N-carboxyanhydride
NHS
,
N-hydroxysuccinimide
NIR
,
near-infrared
P2VP
,
poly(2-vinylpyridine)
PAA
,
polyallylamine
PAAcat
,
catechol-functionalized poly(acrylic acid)
PBA
,
poly(butyl acrylate)
PBAA
,
phenylboronic acid acrylate
PDA
,
polydopamine
PDHS
,
poly(3,4-dihydroxystyrene)
PDMS
,
polydimethylsiloxane
PEG
,
polyethylene glycol
PEGp
,
PEG–phenol
PEI
,
polyethylenimine
PG
,
pyrogallol
PMA
,
poly(methyl acrylate)
PMAA
,
poly(methacrylic acid)
PMMA
,
poly(methyl methacrylate)
PNIPAM
,
poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
POxaD
,
poly(oxanorbornene dopamine)
PS
,
polystyrene
PTHS
,
polytrihydroxystyrene
PTMOS
,
polytrimethoxystyrene
PTMSS
,
poly(4-trimethylsilylstyrene)
PVA
,
poly(vinyl alcohol)
PVA-CA
,
catechol-functionalized poly(vinyl alcohol)
QCS-Tf2N
,
quaternized chitosan ion-paired with bis(trifluoromethane-sulphonyl)imide
RAFT
,
reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer
ROMP
,
ring-opening metathesis polymerization
ROS
,
reactive oxygen species
SEM
,
scanning electron microscopy
SHP
,
self-healing hydrophobic polymer
TEG
,
triethylene glycol glycidyl ether
TEM
,
transmission electron microscopy
TFME
,
2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate
TMOS
,
trimethoxystyrene
TPT
,
topotecan
UV
,
ultraviolet
WCA
,
water contact angle
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