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Enhancing the interpretability of the mapper algorithm

delete2026-03-06
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OA
AI
P
Padraig Fitzpatrick
A
Anna Jurek-Loughrey *
P
Pawel Dlotko
DOI:10.1007/s10618-025-01178-4delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
The Mapper Algorithm is a powerful tool for representing the topology of a dataset’s structure as a similarity graph for the purposes of exploratory analysis. Despite Mapper’s ability to simplify complex high-dimensional data representations, interpreting the structure of the output graph remains a challenge. The conventional method of interpreting the Mapper graph by coloring nodes by features values is infeasible for high-dimensional data due to time limitations and the potential for subjectivity-related oversights. We present a novel method to enhance the interpretability of the Mapper algorithm. Specifically, we propose adapting eXplainable Artificial Intelligence techniques to determine feature importance, offering both local and global interpretations. Our approach can be used to assist domain experts in understanding functional differences across Mapper graphs, enabling them to draw meaningful conclusions from the graph’s structure. To validate our approach, we conducted experiments on five real-world medical datasets and the MNIST handwritten digit dataset. Our evaluation methods consist of a combination of visualization, classification tasks, and alignment of interpretations to existing literature. The results demonstrate our method’s effectiveness in providing a means to interpret Mapper graphs by highlighting the roles of specific features in the graph—such as pixel regions in MNIST and genes in TCGA datasets.
Keywords:
XAI
TDA
Mapper
Topology
Explainability
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Journal

Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery cover
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
IF:
4.3
Papers:
192
Citations:
6.0K

Organization

D
dioscuri centre in topological data analysis
Scholars:
1
Papers: 1
Citations: 0
E
electronics
Scholars:
50
Papers: 28
Citations: 0