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Epidemiology, Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns, Management, and Predictors of Mortality in Diabetic Foot Infections in a Lebanese Hospital: A Retrospective Observational Study
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DOI：10.1016/j.jiph.2026.103282.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are a common and serious complication of type II diabetes mellitus, contributing to morbidity and mortality. Their management is often complicated by its etiology, antimicrobial resistance, and treatment practices. In Lebanon, recent epidemiological data and local treatment guidelines remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of DFIs, evaluate the appropriateness of initial therapy, and identify predictors of mortality.
Keywords:
AMR
Antimicrobial resistance
AMS
Antimicrobial stewardship
AOR
Adjusted odd ratio
AST
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
CCI
Charlson comorbidity index
CI
Confidence interval
CKD
Chronic kidney disease
COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CRAB
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
CRE
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter
CRPA
Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
DFIs
Diabetic foot infections
DFUs
Diabetic foot ulcers
DM
Diabetes mellitus
ESBL
Extended spectrum Beta-lactamase
ICU
Intensive care unit
IRB
Institutional review board
IV
Intravenous
MDR
Multi-drug resistant
MRSA
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
PAD
Peripheral artery disease
PDR
Pan drug-resistant
SD
Standard deviation
SE
Standard error
SSTI
Skin and soft tissue infection
UOR
Unadjusted odd ratio
XDR
Extensively drug-resistant
Diabetic foot infections
Epidemiology
Multidrug-resistant organisms
Mortality
Antibiotics
Lebanon
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