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Explainable Artificial Intelligence Using Expressive Boolean Formulas

delete2023-11-24
delete6
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OA
AI
J
J. Kyle Brubaker
M
Martin J. A. Schuetz
G
Grant Salton
Z
Zhihuai Zhu
E
Elton Yechao Zhu
S
Serdar Kadıoğlu
H
Helmut G. Katzgraber
DOI:10.3390/make5040086delete
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摘要

摘要

En 中文
We propose and implement an interpretable machine learning classification model for Explainable AI (XAI) based on expressive Boolean formulas. Potential applications include credit scoring and diagnosis of medical conditions. The Boolean formula defines a rule with tunable complexity (or interpretability) according to which input data are classified. Such a formula can include any operator that can be applied to one or more Boolean variables, thus providing higher expressivity compared to more rigid rule- and tree-based approaches. The classifier is trained using native local optimization techniques, efficiently searching the space of feasible formulas. Shallow rules can be determined by fast Integer Linear Programming (ILP) or Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) solvers, potentially powered by special-purpose hardware or quantum devices. We combine the expressivity and efficiency of the native local optimizer with the fast operation of these devices by executing non-local moves that optimize over the subtrees of the full Boolean formula. We provide extensive numerical benchmarking results featuring several baselines on well-known public datasets. Based on the results, we find that the native local rule classifier is generally competitive with the other classifiers. The addition of non-local moves achieves similar results with fewer iterations. Therefore, using specialized or quantum hardware could lead to a significant speedup through the rapid proposal of non-local moves.
Keyword:
explainable AI
interpretable ML
Boolean formulas
stochastic local search
large neighborhood search
quantum computing
ILP
QUBO

期刊

M
Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction
IF:
6
论文数:
824
被引数:
1.8K

机构

C
California Institute of Technology
学者数:
2.9W
论文数: 2.5W
被引数: 4.9W
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