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Extraction of κ/ι-hybrid carrageenan from red algae Chondracanthus chamissoi for methylene blue removal using KCl/chitosan-functionalized κ/ι-carrageenan hydrogels
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PRE
AI
Y
Yerald OréB
Bryan M. Córdova*R
Ronny G. Huamani-PalominoM
María M QuintanaW
Walter Estrada DOI：10.1016/j.bej.2026.110183.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The increasing pollution of water bodies with basic dyes is causing detrimental effects on the environment and represents a threat to aquatic life and human health. Conversely, the accumulation of seaweeds constitutes a serious disposal problem on touristic beaches, and their valorization has become a topic of growing interest. In this context, this work reports the extraction and characterization of kappa/iota-hybrid carrageenan from Chondracanthus chamissoi for the subsequent preparation of hydrogels functionalized with a chitosan/KCl solution for suitable application in methylene blue removal. The application of a 22 factorial design revealed that carrageenan concentration is the primary factor influencing the mechanical properties of hydrogels, followed by KCl concentration and their interaction. Kinetic data fitted well with the pseudo-first-order (R2 = 0.98) and intraparticle diffusion (R2 = 0.99) models, reaching equilibrium within 72 h at 30 degrees C. The positive values of Delta H (+30.9 kJ mol-1) and Delta S = +94.3 J mol-1 K-1 indicate that the process is endothermic and is accompanied by an increase in disorder at the solid-solution interface. Desorption studies demonstrated that functionalized carrageenan hydrogels possess ion-exchange properties, as evidenced by effective dye recovery when a 2% (w/v) KCl solution is used. Finally, reusability studies yielded promising outcomes, with removal efficiencies of 97% and 68% achieved in the first and fifth cycles, respectively.
Keywords:
Chondracanthus chamissoi
kappa/iota-hybrid carragenaan
Hydrogel
functionalization
methylene blue
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