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Fabrication of laser-induced periodic surface structures on bulk polycarbonate using ultrafast laser processing in the infrared regime
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DOI：10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.116124.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on bulk polycarbonate (PC) is investigated using infrared (IR) femtosecond laser pulses at 1026 nm. While polymeric LIPSS are typically reported to require hundreds of pulses to exhibit patterned topographies, this work systematically investigates a regime where Low Spatial Frequency LIPSS (LSFL-II) are generated with a small number of pulses in the ablation regime. These structures are oriented parallel to the laser polarization with a periodicity of 810 ± 60 nm. By increasing the pulse number and fluence, a transition toward High Spatial Frequency LIPSS (HSFL) with 200 ± 60 nm period and perpendicular orientation is observed in agreement with the universal evolution of periodic structures reported in other dielectric systems. The investigation explores the role of the energy dose on the resulting topography and correlating the morphological changes to the excitation level of the irradiated material. Furthermore, circular and radial polarization states were utilized to fabricate rounded 2D nanobumps and hierarchical ‘broccoli-like’ microstructures. These results identify a fundamental parametric window for nanostructuring bulk polymers in the IR regime without the need for high pulse accumulation. While this high-fluence interaction involves transient melting and localized ablation, it provides the physical thresholds necessary for future high-speed surface engineering. On the other hand, while achieving industrial-scale spatial uniformity with Gaussian beams at low overlap remains a technical challenge, this work provides the parametric foundation for the rapid nanostructuring of polymers using advanced beam-shaping or multi-beam configurations for potential biomedical and electronic applications.
Keywords:
Laser induced periodic surface structures
Femtosecond laser
Polycarbonate
Radial polarization
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