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Food insecurity status and perceived subjective well-being by maternal age and pregnancy status among women in Nigeria: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis
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DOI：10.1017/S1368980026102535.png)
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Abstract
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Objective:To examine the association between household food insecurity (HFI) and low subjective well-being (SWB) among pregnant and postpartum women and determine whether these potential associations differed by maternal age and pregnancy status.Design:We conducted a secondary analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional data from women of reproductive age (15–49 years). HFI was measured using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and categorised as none/mild; moderate or severe. Weighted multilevel logistic regression models were used to estimate OR and 95 % CI for the association between HFI and low levels of three SWB measures: happiness; life satisfaction and optimism. Analyses were stratified by age and pregnancy status.Setting:Data were drawn from the 2021 Nigeria Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey; Round 6.Participants:The analytic sample comprised 12 587 women who were pregnant at the time of the survey or within 24 months postpartum.Results:HFI was significantly associated with all three measures of SWB; although the magnitude of associations varied by outcome; even after adjusting for individual-; household-and community-level characteristics. Stratified analyses revealed heterogeneity in the associations between HFI and SWB by age and pregnancy status. Overall; HFI was associated with lower levels of happiness; life satisfaction and optimism among pregnant and postpartum women in Nigeria.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate a negative association between HFI and SWB among pregnant and postpartum women in Nigeria. These associations were modified by maternal age and pregnancy status; suggesting that strategies to mitigate HFI should account for subgroup differences in order to effectively improve maternal well-being.
Keywords:
Food insecurity
Subjective well-being
Pregnancy
Postpartum
Mental Health
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