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Fountains impinging on a density interface
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DOI：10.1017/S0022112007009093.png)
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We present an experimental study of an axisymmetric turbulent fountain in a two-layer stratified environment. Interacting with the interface, the fountain is observed to exhibit three regimes of flow. It may penetrate the interface, but nonetheless return to the source where it spreads as a radially propagating gravity current; the return flow may be trapped at the interface where it spreads as a radially propagating intrusion or it may do both. These regimes have been classified using empirically determined regime parameters which govern the relative initial momentum of the fountain and the relative density difference of the fountain and the ambient fluid. The maximum vertical distance travelled by the fountain in a two-layer fluid has been theoretically determined by extending the theory developed for fountains in a homogeneous environment. The theory compares favourably with experimental measurements. We have also developed a theory to analyse the initial speeds of the resulting radial currents. The spreading currents exhibited two different flow regimes: a constant-velocity regime and an inertia-buoyancy regime in which the front position, R, scales with time, t, as R similar to t(3/4). These regimes were classified using a critical Froude number which characterized the competing effects of momentum and buoyancy in the currents.
Keyword:
TURBULENT FOUNTAINS
STRATIFIED FLUID
FORCED PLUMES
JET
CONVECTION
ENVIRONMENT
BUOYANCY
MODEL
期刊
IF:
3.9
论文数:
2.0W
被引数:
9.4W
机构
引用论文
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The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. By Arlie Russell Hochschild (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983. xii + 307 pp. $14.95)《Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling》。作者：Arlie Russell Hochschild（伯克利：加利福尼亚大学出版社，1983年。xii + 307页。14.95美元）
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