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From apparent recovery to lithium compensation: Rethinking lithium-ion battery capacity recovery

delete2026-08-11
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PRE
AI
Z
Zhitong Li
M
Meiwen Liu
S
Shilong Guo
C
Changru Rong
G
Guangyu Zhao
L
Lei Zhao
Y
Yaxuan Wang *
J
Junfu Li *
D
Deping Wang *
王振波 (Zhen‐Bo Wang) *
DOI:10.1016/j.jechem.2026.08.004delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Capacity recovery is frequently observed in lithium-ion battery ageing studies, yet the underlying mechanisms are often conflated in the literature, complicating accurate health diagnostics. This review proposes a classification framework for interpreting such capacity rebounds. The primary classification boundary is whether external lithium is introduced and, if so, whether its contribution remains electrochemically available during subsequent baseline cycling. Without external lithium input, a measured gain is classified as apparent recovery when it reflects capacity re-expression or renewed access to lithium already present in the cell. With external lithium input, the measured gain is classified as cyclable lithium inventory compensation only when the added lithium remains electrochemically available during later charge-discharge reactions. A subsequent safety screen classifies rebounds accompanied by lithium plating, gas generation, local instability, or internal short circuits as risk-related responses. By separating temporary capacity re-expression, retained lithium compensation, and risk-related rebound, this hierarchical framework provides a unified basis for battery health diagnosis, ageing interpretation, remaining-useful-life assessment, and safety evaluation.
Keywords:
Lithium-ion batteries
Capacity recovery
External intervention
Cyclable lithium inventory compensation
Risk signals

Journal

Journal of Energy Chemistry cover
Journal of Energy Chemistry
IF:
14.9
Papers:
6.0K
Citations:
4.5W

Organization

C
china faw corporation limited
Scholars:
36
Papers: 15
Citations: 0
H
Harbin Institute of Technology
Scholars:
1.1W
Papers: 3.8K
Citations: 8.5W
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