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Fuel Cell Stack Emulation for Cell and Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing
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DOI：10.1109/TIM.2018.2814070.png)
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摘要
En 中文
The high costs of fuel cell stacks are often prohibitive for research applications. Instead, researchers tend to either perform tests on individual cells under emulated load conditions, or they use model-based emulated fuel cell stacks to test realistic loads. This paper presents an alternative technique that allows the simultaneous investigation of both cell and hardware. In this technique, an amplifier takes as input the voltage of a reference fuel cell and reproduces the scaled-up voltage that would be provided by a stack of similar cells. The output terminals of this simulated stack can be connected to realistic loads, which are series connected with the reference cell to maintain a one-to-one correspondence of cell and load currents. This technique allows the simultaneous investigation of stack/load interactions, stack electrochemical performance characteristics, and stack durability under load. The amplifier electronics are independent of the fuel cell allowing its use with all fuel cell types, e.g., solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) or proton exchange membrane fuel cells. We demonstrate the emulator using a single planar SOFC and under several real loads. The data collected reveal good steady-state and dynamic accuracy, and the observed electrical interactions highlight the utility of the emulator in cell and hardware-in-the-loop testing. Ultimately, this technique provides fuel cell system researchers and developers a low-cost, easily implemented tool for rapid assessment of novel fuel cell technologies under real-world loading conditions.
Keyword:
Electrochemical devices
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
emulation
energy
energy conversion
fuel cells
renewable energy sources
simulation
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5.9
论文数:
2.0W
被引数:
5.8W
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