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Genetic evidence for a causal relationship between melatonin metabolism and depression
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DOI：10.1016/j.jad.2026.122320.png)
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Abstract
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• First mapping of major human brain melatonin synthesis and brain/hepatic degradation pathways using targeted review. • Melatonin metabolism exerts pathway- and symptom-specific causal effects on depression. • Melatonin degradation pathways are associated with increased risks across several PHQ-9 symptoms. • The synthesis-route signal relating to PHQ9A5 may mainly reflect TPH1-related serotonin biology. • Gene-level effects are heterogeneous within degradation pathways, especially for SULT1A1.
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