.png){kind=icon}
返回
Green primaries: Environmentally friendly energetic complexes
.png){kind=icon}
OA
AI
DOI：10.1073/pnas.0600827103.png)
.png){kind=icon}
.png){kind=icon}
分享.png){kind=icon}
收藏
摘要
En 中文
Primary explosives are used in small quantities to generate a detonation wave when subjected to a flame, heat, impact, electric spark, or friction. Detonation of the primary explosive initiates the secondary booster or main-charge explosive or propellant. Longterm use of lead azide and lead styphnate as primary explosives has resulted in lead contamination at artillery and firing ranges and become a major health hazard and environmental problem for both military and civilian personnel. Devices using lead primary explosives are manufactured by the tens of millions every year in the United States from primers for bullets to detonators for mining. Although substantial synthetic efforts have long been focused on the search for greener primary explosives, this unresolved problem has become a holy grail of energetic materials research. Existing candidates suffer from instability or excessive sensitivity, or they possess toxic metals or perchlorate. We report here four previously undescribed green primary explosives based on complex metal dianions and environmentally benign cations, (cat)(2)[M-II(NT)(4)(H2O)(2)] (where cat is NH4+ or Na+, M is Fe2+ or Cu2+, and NT- is 5-nitrotetrazolato-N-2). They are safer to prepare, handle, and transport than lead compounds, have comparable initiation efficiencies to lead azide, and offer rapid reliable detonation comparable with lead styphnate. Remarkably, they possess all current requirements for green primary explosives and are suitable to replace lead primary explosives in detonators. More importantly, they can be synthesized more safely, do not pose health risks to personnel, and cause much less pollution to the environment.
Keyword:
copper
green
iron
primary explosives
tetrazole
AI总结
对已上传原文的论文进行重点信息的提取，主要内容包括：简要概述、研究摘要、背景介绍、关键亮点、图文解析、展望与总结。
期刊
P
IF:
9.1
论文数:
10.8W
被引数:
73.5W
机构
暂无机构信息
引用论文
3,6-di(azido)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine: A precursor for the preparation of carbon nanospheres and nitrogen-rich carbon nitrides3，6-二 (叠氮基)-1,2，4，5-四嗪: 制备碳纳米球和富氮碳氮化物的前体OAAI
OAAI分享收藏Alpha1‐Antitrypsin Deficiency‐Associated Panniculitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature
PREAI
分享收藏Response of chemosensitive and chemoresistant leukemic cell lines to drug therapy: Simultaneous assessment of proliferation, apoptosis, and necrosis.png)
Cytometry
CytometryIF0
PREAI
分享收藏 没有更多内容
没有更多内容