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Haladaptatus marinus sp. nov., Haladaptatus rarus sp. nov., Haladaptatus ordinarius sp. nov., and Halomicrococcus pelagicus sp. nov., halophilic archaea from diverse coastal tidal flats
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DOI：10.1016/j.syapm.2026.126698.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Six novel halophilic archaeal strains, DFWS20T, NG-SE-30T, NG-WS-4T, HHT-WS-8, NG-SE-24T, and SG-WS-1, were isolated from different coastal regions of China. Metagenome and amplicon analyses showed that the abundance of archaea in the corresponding samples was very low. Strains DFWS20T, NG-SE-30T, NG-WS-4T, and HHT-WS-8 were found to cluster with current Haladaptatus species, while strains NG-SE-24T and SG-WS-1 with those of Halomicrococcus based on 16S rRNA and rpoB’ gene phylogenies. The overall-genome related indexes (OGRIs), average nucleotide identity (ANI), digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), and average amino acid identity (AAI) values, between strains DFWS20T, NG-SE-30T, NG-WS-4T, HHT-WS-8, and Haladaptatus species were 77.0–83.1%, 20.8–30.1%, and 74.7–84.8%, while those between strains NG-SE-24T, SG-WS-1, and Halomicrococcus species were 79.6–94.9%, 26.0–63.9%, and 76.5–94.1%, respectively. These values were lower than the threshold of species classification. In contrast, the OGRIs between strains NG-WS-4T and HHT-WS-8, as well as those between strains NG-SE-24T and SG-WS-1, were above the threshold of species classification. Diverse differential phenotypic characteristics, such as nutrition, biochemical activities, and antibiotic sensitivity, were determined in these six strains and the existing species of the corresponding genera. The most abundant pathways in the genera Haladaptatus and Halomicrococcus were related to carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Based on the natural habitat analysis of the 16S rRNA genes of the strains, their target sequences were primarily found in habitats such as aquatic, soil, sediments, plant, and marine environments. The major polar lipids of strains DFWS20T, NG-SE-30T, NG-WS-4T, and HHT-WS-8 were phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester (PGP-Me), phosphatidylglycerol sulfate (PGS), and sulfated mannosyl glucosyl diether (S-DGD-1), while those of strains NG-SE-24T and SG-WS-1 were PG, PGP-Me, S-DGD-1, and galactosyl mannosyl glucosyl diether (TGD-2). Based on these polyphasic classification, strains DFWS20T, NG-SE-30T, NG-WS-4T, and HHT-WS-8 represent three novel species of the genus Haladaptatus while NG-SE-24T and SG-WS-1 represent a novel species of the genus Halomicrococcus.
Keywords:
Haladaptatus
Halomicrococcus
halophilic archaea
novel species
coastal tidal flats
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