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Improving Formation Strength Tests and Their Interpretation
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DOI：10.2118/105193-ms.png)
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AbstractVerifying pressure integrity of a casing string and the adjacent formation is an important requirement during drilling of a well. Crucial decisions on mud weight, kick tolerance, and the setting depth of the next casing string are based on the outcome of formation strength tests (FST) such as leak-off tests (LOT) or formation integrity tests (FIT). Moreover, government regulations usually require that a minimum integrity is guaranteed before a well may be deepened.Yet the majority of FSTs and their interpretation currently carried out in the field can only be characterized as inadequate. Commonly, FSTs lack quality and accuracy due to (in)sensitivity in the hydraulic system to subtle pressure effects in the wellbore, use of highly compressible synthetic or oil muds, non-linear thermal profiles, poorly-understood formation stress and strength behavior, or simply by poor data capturing (e.g. by hand-generated plots). This may have a significant negative impact on the drilling operation. For instance, when mud weight windows are incorrectly assessed after testing, lost circulation or well control problems may ensue on wells with tight drilling margins.Here, we highlight several of the problems underlying current FSTs and their interpretation, illustrating them with actual field examples (such as the discrepancy often observed between surface readings and downhole pressure-while drilling (PWD) readings obtained while testing), and show how test artifacts can be either avoided or accounted for. A case is made for the use of downhole recorded pressure data to correctly determine casing shoe strength.
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