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Interoperability in Blockchain: A Survey

delete2023-12-01
delete16
PRE
AI
K
Kunpeng Ren *
N
Nhut-Minh Ho
D
Dumitrel Loghin
T
Thanh-Toan Nguyen
B
Beng Chin Ooi
Q
Quang-Trung Ta
F
Feida Zhu
DOI:10.1109/TKDE.2023.3275220delete
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摘要

摘要

En 中文
This paper presents a systematic and comprehensive survey on blockchain interoperability, where interoperability is defined as the ability of blockchains to flexibly transfer assets, share data, and invoke smart contracts across a mix of public, private, and consortium blockchains without any changes to the underlying blockchain systems. Analyzing the vast landscape of both research papers and industry projects, we classify the existing works into five categories, namely, (1) sidechains, (2) notary schemes, (3) hashed time lock contracts (HTLC), (4) relays, and (5) blockchain agnostic protocols. We analyze the existing works under a taxonomy that consists of system and safety characteristics, such as decentralization, direction of communication, locking mechanism, verification mechanism, trust, safety, liveness, and atomicity. Different from other surveys, we are the first to evaluate the performance of some representative interoperability approaches between Bitcoin and Ethereum covering sidechains, notary schemes, and HTLCs. Even though the performance of cross-chain transactions is low (typically fewer than 10 transactions per second), the main reason is the underlying blockchain (e.g., Bitcoin and Ethereum) and not the interoperability approach. Finally, we discuss existing challenges and possible research directions in blockchain interoperability. For example, we identify challenges in interoperability across permissioned and permissionless blockchains, in interacting with scripting blockchains, in security and privacy.
Keyword:
Blockchain
cross-chain
interoperability
survey

期刊

IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 封面图
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
IF:
10.4
论文数:
6.9K
被引数:
3.2W

机构

S
Singapore Management University
学者数:
1.5K
论文数: 2.5K
被引数: 3.5K
N
National University of Singapore
学者数:
7.6W
论文数: 6.5W
被引数: 11.4W
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