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Irx4 Marks a Multipotent, Ventricular-Specific Progenitor Cell
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DOI：10.1002/stem.2486.png)
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While much progress has been made in the resolution of the cellular hierarchy underlying cardiogenesis, our understanding of chamber-specific myocardium differentiation remains incomplete. To better understand ventricular myocardium differentiation, we targeted the ventricle-specific gene, Irx4, in mouse embryonic stem cells to generate a reporter cell line. Using an antibiotic-selection approach, we purified Irx4(+) cells in vitro from differentiating embryoid bodies. The isolated Irx4(+) cells proved to be highly proliferative and presented Cxcr4, Pdgfr-alpha, Flk1, and Flt1 on the cell surface. Single Irx4(+) ventricular progenitor cells (VPCs) exhibited cardiovascular potency, generating endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and ventricular myocytes in vitro. The ventricular specificity of the Irx4(+) population was further demonstrated in vivo as VPCs injected into the cardiac crescent subsequently produced Mlc2v(+) myocytes that exclusively contributed to the nascent ventricle at E9.5. These findings support the existence of a newly identified ventricular myocardial progenitor. This is the first report of a multipotent cardiac progenitor that contributes progeny specific to the ventricular myocardium.
Keyword:
Cardiac
Developmental biology
Differentiation
Embryonic stem cells
Stem cell transplantation
Progenitor cells
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