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Long-term property evolution of silica-cement systems at different curing temperatures and mechanistic insights
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DOI：10.1016/j.petlm.2026.06.004.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Neat Portland cement suffers severe strength retrogression at temperatures above 110 °C, and silica addition is commonly used to improve its high-temperature performance. This study investigates the long-term evolution of silica-cement systems containing 40% and 70% silica cured at 150–240 °C for up to 90 days. Mechanical properties, pore structure, bound water content, and mineral composition were systematically evaluated. Results show that the severity of strength retrogression first increases and then decreases with curing temperature. The lowest long-term strengths were observed at 180 °C for the 40% silica system and 210 °C for the 70% silica system. Severe strength retrogression was accompanied by microstructural coarsening and significant bound water loss during prolonged curing. Increasing silica dosage markedly enhanced early strength, but its benefit diminished over time because of aggravated strength retrogression. Mineralogical analyses indicate that strength retrogression is associated with the transformation of amorphous C-S-H and tobermorite into crystalline phases, including xonotlite, reyerite, and gyrolite, together with structural changes in amorphous hydrates. The reduced retrogression at 240 °C is mainly attributed to the lower initial contents of amorphous C-S-H and tobermorite. These findings provide guidance for the design of high-temperature-resistant oilwell cement systems for deep hydrocarbon wells.
Keywords:
High-temperature and high-pressure
Strength retrogression
Cementing
Silica sand
Long-term
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