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Metaverse and financial statement fraud detection
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DOI：10.1108/jfra-04-2025-0279.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
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<jats:title>Purpose</jats:title>
<jats:p>The purpose of this study is to investigate the metaverse environment’s impact on fraud detection in financial statements.</jats:p>
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<jats:title>Design/methodology/approach</jats:title>
<jats:p>This research used a survey-based study on Iran’s academics, accountants, auditors and financial professionals. Professors were included because of their academic expertise in accounting, fraud and digital innovations, offering informed insights into the intersection of metaverse technologies and financial reporting. In addition, to enhance the quality of the research, an English-language questionnaire was prepared and distributed online to professors and experts outside the country. The findings from these international respondents were included alongside the domestic findings. The research timeframe was set for 2024. Data were collected through questionnaires. A total of 392 responses were received from within Iran, and 105 responses were received from abroad. The study is grounded in the Theory of Social Presence (TSP), which posits that enhanced virtual presence fosters more effective communication and collaboration factors relevant to fraud detection.</jats:p>
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<jats:title>Findings</jats:title>
<jats:p>The metaverse was found to have a significant effect on the detection of fraud in financial statements. The results of this study support the theoretical model, demonstrating that immersive technologies improve stakeholder interaction, data analysis and the transparency of financial reporting.</jats:p>
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<jats:title>Originality/value</jats:title>
<jats:p>These results can be helpful for financial report preparers and users, suggesting that the metaverse environment may be used in preparing financial reports, enhancing the usefulness of financial reporting. It can also aid in fraud detection in financial statements and reduce agency costs. The contribution of this study lies in its empirical investigation of the impact of the metaverse on financial reporting and fraud detection, an area that has received limited scholarly attention, particularly in applied settings. The findings have important practical implications for both industry and policymakers, as they provide evidence that the strategic adoption of metaverse technologies can enhance fraud detection capabilities, reduce agency costs and support the development of more transparent and technologically adaptive financial reporting systems.</jats:p>
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