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Microwave Frequency Synthesizers: A Tutorial
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DOI：10.1109/MMM.2023.3265464.png)
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This tutorial provides a brief introduction to the field of frequency synthesis. It starts with general definitions and requirements followed by a review of the main synthesizer architectures. Direct analog, direct digital, and indirect techniques are compared in terms of performance, circuit complexity, and cost impact. The design tradeoffs are analyzed and complemented with a review of fractional-N, direct digital synthesizers (DDSs), frequency offset, multiloop, and other schemes. The current state and development trends of microwave frequency synthesizers will be reviewed.
Keyword:
Industries
Wireless communication
Phase noise
Frequency synthesizers
Costs
Synthesizers
Tutorials
期刊
IF:
2.6
论文数:
3.2K
被引数:
3.1K
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