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Millimeter/Nano-Structured Metal Monolithic Catalysts: A Privileged Opportunity for Sustainable Water Purification
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DOI：10.1002/rar2.70328.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Cross-scale assembly of metal (sub) nanoparticles and/or single atoms into millimeter/nanostructured metal monolithic catalysts (Min-SMCs) is highly appealing for sustainable water cleanup, due to energy-efficient catalyst recyclability, high infrastructure compatibility, and low metal-releasing risks. However, it is still far from establishing a common paradigm for practical catalytic water purification, which requires not only high-performance metal catalysts that drive pollutants mineralization/conversion but also highly efficient reaction processes and systems that enable scalable deployment. Herein, we discuss the state-of-the-art status in the design of Min-SMCs and their challenges encountered in activating hydrogen peroxide, persulfate, and ozone as well as coupled catalytic processes for water decontamination. By bridging the gap between materials chemists and water engineers, who are both interested in developing new Min-SMCs but possess different expertise and focus areas, we propose an acronym “NICER” framework for sustainable Min-SMCs design comprising five priority themes: near-zero carbon footprint (N), intensifying catalytic processes (I), cost management (C), emerging contaminant elimination (E), and resource recovery (R). The proposed “NICER” paradigm fostering Min-SMCs innovation will stimulate application-oriented pilot- and full-scale trials for (de)centralized water purification, promote societal acceptance to revolutionize clean water production, and ultimately advance water resilience toward Sustainable Development Goals 6.
Keywords:
emerging contaminants
heterogeneous catalytic oxidation
metal catalysis
structured monolithic catalysts
water resilience
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