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Molecularly imprinted film based on chitosan-GQDs using citric acid as a crosslinker for creatinine adsorption and detection by FTIR-ATR
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DOI：10.1016/j.rechem.2026.103045.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film based on 3.5% (w/v) chitosan and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), crosslinked with citric acid (0.25% w/v), was developed for the selective adsorption and detection of creatinine. Citric acid functioned both as a green crosslinker and as the GQD precursor, enabling an environmentally friendly fabrication route. The structural and morphological features of the MIP film were confirmed using AFM, SEM, FTIR-ATR, and UV-vis spectroscopy, while complete template removal was achieved through DI-water washing assisted by ultrasonication. Kinetic studies revealed rapid adsorption behavior, reaching equilibrium within 40-60 min, with a maximum adsorption capacity (Qe) of 12.5 mg g-1. The MIP exhibited optimal binding at physiological conditions (pH 7, 37 degrees C), governed by synergistic electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and pi-pi interactions. Quantification based on the FTIR-ATR, Delta Absorbance at 1375 cm- 1 demonstrated high analytical sensitivity, achieving a limit of detection of 4.2 nM and a broad linear range from 0.1 nM to 10 mu M (R2 = 0.9873). The sensor showed strong selectivity against common interferents (urea, glucose, NHS), maintaining accurate responses even at 10-fold excess concentrations. Application to synthetic urine yielded a recovery of 90.3% using the standard addition method.
Keywords:
MIP film
GQDs-chitosan
Creatinine adsorption
FTIR-ATR
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