.png){kind=icon}
.png){kind=icon}
Return
Multi-objective complementary control with reference model for an eVTOL piston engine generator system
.png){kind=icon}
PRE
AI
DOI：10.1016/j.cja.2026.104390.png)
.png){kind=icon}
Original request for help.png){kind=icon}
Share.png){kind=icon}
Save
Abstract
En 中文
The Piston Engine Generator (PEG) is a critical onboard power supply for hybrid electric eVTOL aircraft, facing challenges from multi-source uncertainties and persistent power undershooting during rapid commands. To solve this, we first established a state-space model and used frequency-domain analysis to reveal the precise cause of power undershooting, motivating a decoupling control approach. The PEG control challenge is then formulated as a robust decoupling control problem. This paper proposes the novel Reference Model-based Multi-Objective Complementary Control (MOCC-RM) architecture, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first application of multi-objective complementary control with a reference model to the PEG system. This architecture integrates decoupling and MOCC approach to effectively mitigate power undershooting while ensuring superior tracking and robustness. The MOCC-RM successfully decouples the nominal LQR controller (K0) from the robust μ-synthesis controller (Q), providing a robust stability guarantee across a wide operational region. Simulation and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) results confirm that MOCC-RM suppresses power undershooting and secures a settling time of 0.9 s. Under intensified uncertainties, the controller limits the Maximum Relative Dynamic Error (MRDE1) to 2%-3%, significantly outperforming command-filtered PI and μ-controllers. HIL validation demonstrates real-time, deterministic execution on independent hardware under measurement noise and I/O latencies, while also revealing an actuator-saturation sensitivity that motivates future anti-windup augmentation. MOCC-RM offers a high-performance control candidate for PEG systems in hybrid-electric eVTOL aircraft.
Keywords:
Robust control
Decoupling
Uncertainty
Hybrid electric propulsion
Multi-objectivecomplementarycontrol
Electric vertical take-off and landing
Journal
IF:
5.7
Papers:
4.7K
Citations:
1.4W
Organization
No organization information available