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Multimode Time-Delay Interferometer for Free-Space Quantum Communication
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DOI：10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.024047.png)
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Quantum communication schemes such as quantum key distribution (QKD) and superdense teleportation provide unique opportunities to communicate information securely. Increasingly, optical communication is being extended to free-space channels, but atmospheric turbulence in free-space channels requires optical receivers and measurement infrastructure to support many spatial modes. Here, we present a multimode Michelson-type time-delay interferometer using a field-widened design for the measurement of phase-encoded states in free-space communication schemes. The interferometer is constructed using glass beam paths to provide thermal stability, a field-widened angular tolerance, and a compact footprint. The performance of the interferometer is highlighted by measured visibilities of 99.02 +/- 0.05% and 98.38 +/- 0.01% for single- and multimode inputs, respectively. Additionally, high-quality multimode interference is demonstrated for arbitrary spatial-mode structures and for temperature changes of +/- 1.0 degrees C. The interferometer has a measured optical-path-length drift of 130 nm/degrees C near room temperature. With this setup, we demonstrate the measurement of a two-peaked multimode single-photon state used in time-phase QKD with a visibility of 97.37 +/- 0.01%.
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