Multiple telecouplings and their complex interrelationships

doi:10.5751/ES-07868-200344

Multiple telecouplings and their complex interrelationships

2015-01-01

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DOI：10.5751/ES-07868-200344

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Increasingly, the world is becoming socioeconomically and environmentally connected, but many studies have focused on human-environment interactions within a particular area. Although some studies have considered the impacts of external factors, there is little research on multiple reciprocal socioeconomic and environmental interactions between a focal area and other areas. Here we address this important knowledge gap by applying the new integrated framework of telecouplings (socioeconomic and environmental interactions between two or more areas over distances). Results show that even a protected area - i.e., the Wolong Nature Reserve for giant pandas in southwest China - has multiple telecoupling processes with the rest of the world; these include panda loans, tourism, information dissemination, conservation subsidies, and trade of agricultural and industrial products. The telecoupling processes exhibit nonlinear patterns, they change over time, and they have varying socioeconomic and environmental effects across the world. We also find complex relationships among different telecouplings - e.g., amplification, offsetting, spatial overlaps - which cannot be detected by traditional separate studies. Such an integrated study leads to a more comprehensive understanding of distant human-environment interactions and has significant implications for global sustainability and human well-being.

Keyword:

China

conservation

cross-scale interactions

environmental interactions

giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

human-environment interactions

information dissemination

nature reserve

socioeconomic interactions

telecoupling

telecoupling framework

Wolong Nature Reserve

Multiple telecouplings and their complex interrelationships

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