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Patronage and pollution
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DOI：10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103115.png)
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Patronage network has varying effects based on different promotional incentives. Our study explores these dynamics using China's pollution emissions as a backdrop. We discover that integrating environmental protection into performance evaluations transforms patronage from increasing to reducing pollution. However, this positive shift in environmental impact occurs at the expense of economic growth. Our findings illuminate the significant effectiveness of China's pollution control and demonstrate how formal institutions shape the results of informal systems.
Keyword:
Patronage
Pollution
China
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