Periodic Flows in Microfluidics

doi:10.1002/smll.202404685

Periodic Flows in Microfluidics

2024-09-09

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Hafiz Muhammad Musharaf

DOI：10.1002/smll.202404685

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Microfluidics, the science and technology of manipulating fluids in microscale channels, offers numerous advantages, such as low energy consumption, compact device size, precise control, fast reaction, and enhanced portability. These benefits have led to applications in biomedical assays, disease diagnostics, drug discovery, neuroscience, and so on. Fluid flow within microfluidic channels is typically in the laminar flow region, which is characterized by low Reynolds numbers but brings the challenge of efficient mixing of fluids. Periodic flows are time-dependent fluid flows, featuring repetitive patterns that can significantly improve fluid mixing and extend the effective length of microchannels for submicron and nanoparticle manipulation. Besides, periodic flow is crucial in organ-on-a-chip (OoC) for accurately modeling physiological processes, advancing disease understanding, drug development, and personalized medicine. Various techniques for generating periodic flows have been reported, including syringe pumps, peristalsis, and actuation based on electric, magnetic, acoustic, mechanical, pneumatic, and fluidic forces, yet comprehensive reviews on this topic remain limited. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of periodic flows in microfluidics, from fundamental mechanisms to generation techniques and applications. The challenges and future perspectives are also discussed to exploit the potential of periodic flows in microfluidics. This paper comprehensively reviews periodic flows in microfluidics, including their fundamentals, generation techniques, and applications. The theoretical fundamentals of periodic flows are explained using the hydraulic-electric analogy and study the working principles of various periodic flow generation techniques. The applications of periodic flow are also summarized in fluid mixing, heat transfer, droplet generation, particle manipulation, filtration enhancement, etc. image

Keyword:

hydraulic-electric analogy

oscillatory flows

periodic flow generation

pulsatile flows

Periodic Flows in Microfluidics

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