Perspective Back-Projection Algorithm: Interface Imaging for Airborne Ice Detection

doi:10.3390/rs17203400

2025-10-10

DOI：10.3390/rs17203400

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传统地面穿透雷达（GPR）系统在陡峭地形上进行冰层探测的部署，对地面作业人员构成了显著的安全挑战，原因在于地形难以进入和恶劣的工作环境。然而，机载GPR（AGPR）和无线电回声测深（RES）为解决这些困难提供了方案。假设冰层是均质的，我们引入了一种透视反向投影算法，该算法旨在处理AGPR或RES数据，通过直接搜索无遮挡的折射电磁（EM）波路径，并计算路径特定的旅行时间，从而将电磁能量聚焦于地表以下。2D和3D成像测试结果表明，透视反向投影算法能够精确成像冰—岩界面。然而，斯涅尔定律表明，当电磁波的入射角超过某一阈值时，部分能量可能无法通过空气—冰界面传播并到达冰—岩界面或接收器。这种能量损失会阻碍透视反向投影算法精确成像此类冰—岩界面。尽管存在这些局限性，透视反向投影算法仍是机载GPR和RES冰层探测中成像冰下界面的有前景工具。

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