Photon-efficient camera with in-sensor computing

doi:10.1038/s41467-025-58501-2

2025-04-03

DOI：10.1038/s41467-025-58501-2

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摘要

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具备内部计算能力的图像传感器融合了传感与计算功能，可显著降低机器视觉任务的功耗和延迟。具有可调电学和光学特性的线性光电探测器（如二维半导体）能够实现多功能的片上计算。单光子级别的片上计算更具可行性，但尚未实现。在此，我们展示了一种基于超导纳米线阵列探测器的光子高效相机，该相机具备内部计算功能，并包含四个可编程维度，包括光子计数率、响应时间、脉冲幅度和光谱响应度。同时，该传感器在405-1550 nm范围内具有饱和（100%）的量子效率。得益于多维调制和超高灵敏度，仅使用每像素每模式0.12个光子即可实现三种字母分类的92.22%准确率。此外，还演示了图像预处理和光谱分类。光子高效的片上计算有利于在极低光照环境下的视觉任务，例如隐蔽成像、生物成像和空间探索。单光子图像传感器可扩展以构建更复杂的神经网络，从而在保持高灵敏度的同时支持更复杂的实时视觉任务。

Keyword:

SINGLE

DETECTORS

期刊

Nature Communications

IF:

15.7

论文数:

9.4W

被引数:

91.2W

机构

Hefei Natl Lab

学者数:

231

论文数: 126

被引数: 60

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