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Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Catharanthus roseus: Diabetic Wound-Healing Approach
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DOI：10.1177/1934578X261433097.png)
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Abstract
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Objectives This study investigated the Catharanthus roseus phytochemicals by chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and in vitro effects on diabetic wound healing based bioassays, molecular docking, and dynamics.Methods Fresh C. roseus leaves were extracted using methanol and subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis. The extract was evaluated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial activities using in vitro assays. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations were performed to analyse interactions of key bioactive compounds with microbial virulence proteins and wound-healing targets.Results Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols, steroids, carbohydrates, and glycosides. GC-MS identified 63 bioactive compounds, including D-sorbitol, myo-inositol, and palmitic acid etc The extract showed potent antioxidant activity comparable to Vitamin C and significant anti-inflammatory effects via protein denaturation inhibition (89 +/- 5.4%, similar to Diclofenac at 91 +/- 6.1%). It also inhibited alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase (69 +/- 3.9% and 75 +/- 5.4%) respectively, confirming antidiabetic potential. Antimicrobial assays revealed strong inhibition of Streptococcus mutans (MIC: 0.312 mg/mL) and Enterococcus faecalis (0.62 mg/mL). Molecular docking and dynamics revealed that vincristine and vinblastine bind strongly to both microbial virulence proteins and wound-healing targets (VEGF, NF-kappa B, IL-10), suggesting dual antimicrobial and pro-healing potential. Vincristine showed the highest affinity (-8.9 kcal/mol), indicating stronger therapeutic relevance in diabetic wound repair.Conclusion These findings highlight C. roseus bioactive compounds as a promising therapeutic candidate for diabetic wound healing via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities.
Keywords:
Catharanthus roseus
diabetic wound
vincristine
vinblastine
inflammation
and angiogenesis
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